THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF MUSEUM STUDIES IN KAZAKHSTAN: A REVIEW OF THE RESEARCH OF LOCAL SCHOLARS

Saltanat MUKHАMЕTZHАN

doi:10.32523/3080-1281-2026-155-2-208-218

Authors

Saltanat MUKHАMЕTZHАN L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University Author https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2723-6074

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32523/3080-1281-2026-155-2-208-218

Keywords:

culture; museum; museum studies; museology; theoretical foundations; methodological approaches; cultural heritage; scientific research; digitalization; museums of Kazakhstan

Abstract

This review article analyzes the evolution of the goals and objectives of museum work, in particular, how it was formed as an independent interdisciplinary science. The relevance of this study lies in its comprehensive theoretical review of existing literature to track these functional transformations. The research draws upon a robust selection of monographs, dissertations, theses, and peer-reviewed articles. While pioneering studies primarily focused on the chronological cataloging of historical artifacts, contemporary scholarship shifts the focus toward the deeper cultural and spiritual impact of museums. Recent research emphasizes their capacity to awaken historical consciousness and preserve national identity. Furthermore, the digital era has redefined traditional boundaries. Modern academic consensus indicates that cultural institutions are no longer confined to static exhibitions. By forging strong partnerships with schools and universities, museums have transformed into dynamic hubs for informal and experiential learning.

Methodologically, this paper employs a literature review, comparative analysis and systematization. By critically evaluating the content and methodology of local scholarship, we trace the evolution of foundational academic perspectives. As a result of the research, the development of museology in Kazakhstan was divided into several stages, each of which had its own theoretical features: ideologically oriented research during the Soviet period, scientific concepts based on national and cultural revival during the period of independence, and innovative, digital trends in the modern period. Systematizing these theoretical foundations and mapping out current methodological trajectories remains a crucial task for the field.

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