ФИЛОСОФСКИЕ ПАРАДИГМЫ КАЧЕСТВЕННЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ И ИХ ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЙ ДИЗАЙН

Айнур  АБДИНА; Вичет  ЧХУОН

doi:10.32523/3080-1281-2026-155-2-8-18

Authors

Ainur ABDINA University of Minnesota Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1819-7492
Vichet CHHUON University of Minnesota Author https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4172-4904

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32523/3080-1281-2026-155-2-8-18

Keywords:

qualitative research; research design; philosophical paradigms; constructivism; postpositivism; reflexivity; methodology

Abstract

The article examines the role of philosophical paradigms in shaping qualitative research design in the social sciences. The study addresses a persistent methodological problem – the mismatch between researchers’ implicit ontological and epistemological assumptions and their concrete methodological decisions. The aim is to show how paradigmatic positions – postpositivism, constructivism, critical theory, and postmodernism – influence key elements of qualitative research, including research question formulation, researcher positionality, data collection methods, analysis strategies, and quality criteria.

The methodological basis is a comparative theoretical analysis of classical and contemporary sources on qualitative research methodology. The authors reconstruct the assumptions of each paradigm and show how they translate into practice. Lack of paradigmatic consistency produces methodological eclecticism, which undermines rigor and persuasiveness. An integrative “roadmap” is proposed that links philosophy to design elements, thereby bridging the gap between philosophical foundations and empirical practice.

The article contributes to qualitative research methodology by overcoming the gap between the philosophical foundations of science and empirical practice, offering a structured tool for designing theoretically grounded and methodologically coherent studies.

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